Revisión de alcance y calidad de los estudios sobre el ejercicio físico en pacientes varones adultos con diagnóstico de sarcoma

Martí Casals; Néstor Gonzalo; Carlos Cabrera; Mariona Violan; Óscar Martínez; Bernat de Pablo; Toni Caparr´ós

doi:10.56969/oc.v29i1.158

Autores/as

Martí Casals National Institute of Physical Education of Catalonia (INEFC), University of Barcelona https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1775-8331
Néstor Gonzalo National Institute of Physical Education of Catalonia (INEFC), University of Barcelona
Carlos Cabrera The Ricky Rubio Foundation, El Masnou https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9077-0444
Mariona Violan Department of Presidency, General Secretary of Sport and Physical Activity, Government of Catalonia, Barcelona
Óscar Martínez The Ricky Rubio Foundation, El Masnou https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3460-9941
Bernat de Pablo Hospital Mutua Terrassa
Toni Caparr´ós National Institute of Physical Education of Catalonia (INEFC), University of Barcelona https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5169-1935

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.56969/oc.v29i1.158

Palabras clave:

cáncer, sarcoma, ejercicio físico, varones, adultos, physical exercise, males, adults

Resumen

Antecedentes:

El sarcoma es un tipo de cáncer poco frecuente que se origina en los tejidos blandos y en los huesos, afecta a menos del 1% de la población adulta y los síntomas dependen del tamaño y la ubicación del tumor. Los tratamientos incluyen cirugía, radiación, quimioterapia, terapia dirigida e inmunoterapia, y el enfoque de tratamiento puede limitar la movilidad y la condición física.

Objetivo:

El objetivo del trabajo fue analizar la relación y los posibles beneficios entre la práctica de ejercicio físico y la evolución de los pacientes varones adultos con diagnóstico de sarcoma.

Material y Métodos:

Se realizó una revisión de alcance siguiendo las recomendaciones PRISMA-SCR. Se recopilaron datos de las bases de datos Scopus (n=181) y PubMed (n=199) utilizando las palabras clave y operadores booleanos "sarcoma" y "males" y "physical exercise." Se seleccionaron un total de 12 artículos de diferentes bases de datos.

Resultados:

De los 12 artículos incluidos, 8 (66,7%) trataban de una intervención de ejercicio físico, que consistían principalmente en ejercicios de fuerza (n=5; 41,7%), de hidroterapia (n = 2; 16,7%), de movilidad (n = 3; 25%) y de andar (n = 3; 25%).

Conclusiones:

Se llega a la conclusión de que la actividad física podría contribuir a mejorar aspectos como la fatiga, la adherencia a la quimioterapia, la calidad de vida, el rango de movilidad articular de la articulación afectada y la asimetría percibida u objetiva. Sin embargo, la evidencia científica era limitada para ofrecer resultados aplicables y concluyentes y se necesitan más estudios.

Biografía del autor/a

Martí Casals, National Institute of Physical Education of Catalonia (INEFC), University of Barcelona

National Institute of Physical Education of Catalonia (INEFC), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain

Sport y Physical Activity Studies Centre (CEEAF), Facultad de Medicina, University of Vic-Central University of Catalonia (UVic-UCC), Barcelona, Spain

Sport Performance Analysis Research Group, Vic-Central University of Catalonia (UVic-UCC), Barcelona, Spain

Toni Caparr´ós, National Institute of Physical Education of Catalonia (INEFC), University of Barcelona

National Institute of Physical Education of Catalonia (INEFC), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain

Sport Research Institute , Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain

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