Distribución de la patología oncológica en pacientes adolescentes y adultos jóvenes en la provincia de Córdoba, Argentina

Maria Paulina Biga Allais; Pilar Dutari; Romina B. Llanos; Gimena Ferreira; Graciela Nicolas; Verónica Musso

doi:10.56969/oc.v28i2.144

Autores/as

Maria Paulina Biga Allais Servicio de Hematología y Oncología, Sanatorio Allende, Córdoba
Pilar Dutari Servicio de Hematología y Oncología, Sanatorio Allende, Córdoba
Romina B. Llanos Servicio de Hematología y Oncología, Sanatorio Allende, Córdoba
Gimena Ferreira Servicio de Hematología y Oncología, Sanatorio Allende, Córdoba
Graciela Nicolas Registro Provincial del Tumor, Córdoba
Verónica Musso Servicio de Hematología y Trasplante de Médula Ósea, ITAC, Buenos Aires

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.56969/oc.v28i2.144

Palabras clave:

Adolescente, adulto jóven, cáncer, adolescent, young adult, cancer

Resumen

Introducción: El cáncer en el adolescente y adulto jóven (AYA) tiene una biología tumoral más agresiva y suele diagnosticarse con mayor retraso, lo que podría incidir negativamente en la sobrevida de este grupo poblacional.

Objetivo: Determinar la distribución de cáncer en pacientes adolescentes y adultos jóvenes en la provincia de Córdoba.

Método: Estudio retrospectivo y observacional. Se incluyeron pacientes desde enero 2012 a diciembre 2017, entre 15 a 39 años; los datos fueron obtenidos del registro provincial de tumores de Córdoba.

Resultados: De 4742 pacientes, 65% eran sexo femenino; edad media al diagnóstico 30.6 años. Los cánceres más frecuentes fueron: cuello uterino 22.14%, mama 13.15%, testículo 9.36%, colorrectal 8.26%, tiroides 5.44%, linfoma no Hodgkin 4.85%, linfoma Hodgkin 4.72%, sistema nervioso central 4.4%, leucemias 3.9%, melanomas 1.66% y sarcomas 2.4%. El linfoma Hodgkin fue la neoplasia más frecuente entre 15 y 19 años, cáncer de cuello uterino entre 20 y 29 años y cáncer de mama entre 30 y 39 años.

Conclusión: En esta población específica AYA, se observó una alta incidencia de cáncer de cérvix, mama y colorrectal. Sería necesario generar estrategias de detección temprana para estos tumores en pacientes AYA, que sean independientes de las recomendaciones de screening en la edad adulta, ya que podrían ser curados en estadios tempranos.

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